Shang-Ping Xie

Co-Leader, Indo-Pacific Ocean Climate Research
        and
Professor of Meteorology

International Pacific Research Center
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
University of Hawaii
Honolulu, Hawaii  96822

Phone: (808) 956-6758
Fax: (808) 956-9425
Email:
Webpage: http://iprc.soest.hawaii.edu/~xie

Education

  • D.Sc., Tohoku University, Japan, 1991
  • M.Sc., Tohoku University, Japan, 1988
  • B.Sc., Shandong College of Oceanography, China, 1984

Professional  Experience

  • Professor of Meteorology, SOEST, University of Hawaii, 2002–present
  • Associate Professor of Meteorology, SOEST, University of Hawaii, 1999–2002
  • Associate Professor, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan, 1994–1999
  • Research Associate, JISAO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 1993–1994
  • Program Scientist, AOS Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 1991–1993

Research Interests

  • Large-scale ocean-atmosphere interaction
  • Climate dynamics
  • General circulation of the atmosphere and oceans

Awards and Service

  • Medal of the Meteorological Society of Japan
  • Editor, Journal of Climate, 2006–present
  • Japan Ministry of Education (Monbusho) Scholarship, 1986–1991
  • The Yamamoto-Shyono Medal from Meteorological Society of Japan for “fundamental contributions to the understanding of the intertropical convergence zone in the Pacific Ocean through the Tellus 1994 paper”, 1996
  • Contributor, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Scientific Assessment, 1999–2000
  • Editor, Journal of Meteorological Society of Japan, 2000–2006

National Committees

  • Member, US CLIVAR Pan American Implementation Panel,  2000–present
  • Member, Indo-Pacific Oceans Panel, Earth Science and Technology Organization (ESTO), 1997– 2000

Courses Taught

  • Undergraduate: Mechanics, Science of Climate Change, Lab of the Science of Ocean-Atmospheric Flows
  • Graduate: Climate Dynamics, Lab of Ocean Data Analysis, Seminar on Meteorology

Journal Reviews

J. Climate, J. Atmospheric Sciences, J. Physical Oceanography, J. Meteorological Society of Japan, Tenki, J. Oceanography, Oceanologica Acta, J. Geophysical Research, Geophysical Research Letters, Atmospheric Science Letters, Quarterly J. of Royal Meteorological Society, Progress in Oceanography

Articles in Refereed Journals

  • de Szoeke, S.P., and S.-P. Xie: The tropical eastern Pacific seasonal cycle: Assessment of errors and mechanisms in IPCC AR4 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models. J. Climate, in press.
  • Du, Y., and S.-P. Xie: Role of atmospheric adjustments in the tropical Indian Ocean warming during the 20th century in climate models. Geophys. Res. Lett., in press.
  • Kobashi, F., S.-P. Xie, N. Iwasaka, and T. Sakamoto: Deep atmospheric response to the North Pacific oceanic subtropical front in spring. J. Climate, in press.
  • Lin, X., S.-P. Xie, X. Chen, and L. Xu: A well-mixed warm water column in the central Bohai Sea in summer: Effects of tidal and surface wave mixing. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, in press.
  • Nonaka, M., J.P. McCreary, and S.-P. Xie: Influence of midlatitude winds on the stratification of the equatorial thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.
  • Okajima, H., and S.-P. Xie: Orographic effects on the northwestern Pacific monsoon: Role Of air-sea interaction. Geophys. Res. Lett., in press.
  • Richter, I., and S.-P. Xie: On the origin of tropical Atlantic biases in coupled general circulation models. Climate Dynamics, in press.
  • Sampe, T., and S.-P. Xie: Mapping high sea winds from space: A global climatology. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., in press.
  • Schott, F.A., S.-P. Xie, and J.P. McCreary: Indian Ocean circulation and climate variability. Review of Geophysics, in press.
  • Small, R. J., S.P. de Szoeke, S.-P. Xie, L. O’Neill, H. Seo, Q. Song, P. Cornillon, M. Spall and S. Minobe: Air-sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, in press.
  • Timmermann, A., S. Lorenz, S.-I. An, A. Clement, and S.-P. Xie: The effect of orbital forcing on the mean climate and variability of the tropical Pacific. J. Climate, in press.
  • Timmermann, A., Y. Okumura, S.-I. An, A. Clement, B. Dong, E. Guilyardi, A. Hu, J.H. Jungclaus, M. Renold, T.F. Stocker, R.J. Stouffer, R. Sutton, S.-P. Xie, and J. Yin: The influence of a weakening if the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on ENSO. J. Climate, in press.
  • Wu, L., C. Li, C. Yang, and S.-P. Xie: Global teleconnections in response to a shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. J. Climate, in press.
  • Xie, S.-P., Y. Okumura, T. Miyama, and A. Timmermann: Influences of Atlantic climate change on the tropical Pacific via > the Central American Isthmus. J. Climate, in press.
  • Yang Y., J. Ma, and S.-P. Xie: Observations of the trade wind wakes of Kauai and Oahu. Geophys. Res. Lett., in press.
  • Yang, Y., S.-P. Xie, and J. Hafner: Cloud patterns lee of Hawaii Island: A synthesis of satellite observations and numerical simulation. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., in press.
  • Yang, Y., S.-P. Xie, and J. Hafner: The thermal wake of Kauai Island: Satellite observations and numerical simulations. J. Climate, in press.
  • Minobe, S., A. Kuwano-Yoshida, N. Komori, S.-P. Xie, and R.J. Small, 2008. Influence of the Gulf Stream on the troposphere. Nature, 452, 206-209.
  • de Szoeke, S.P., S.-P. Xie, T. Miyama, K.J. Richards, and R.J.O. Small: What maintains the SST front north of the eastern Pacific equatorial cold tongue? J. Climate, 20, 2500–2514.
  • Pahnke, K., J. Sachs, L. Keigwin, A. Timmermann, and S.-P. Xie, 2007: Eastern tropical Pacific hydrological changes during the past 27,000 years from D/H ratios in alkenones. Paleoceanography, 22, PA4214, doi:10.1029/2007PA001468.
  • Small, R. J., S. P. deSzoeke and S.-P. Xie, 2007: The Central American Mid-summer Drought: regional aspects and large scale forcing. J. Climate, 20, 4853–4873.
  • Taguchi, B., S.-P. Xie, N. Schneider, M. Nonaka, H. Sasaki, and Y. Sasai, 2007: Decadal variability of the Kuroshio Extension: Observations and an eddy-resolving model hindcast. J. Climate, 20 (11), 2357–2377.
  • Xie, S.-P., C.-S. Chang, Q. Xie, and D. Wang, 2007: Intraseasonal variability in the summer South China Sea: The wind jet, cold filament, and recirculations. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 112, doi:10.1029/2007JC004238.
  • Xie, S.-P., T. Miyama, Y. Wang, H. Xu, S.P. de Szoeke, R.J. Small, K.J. Richards, T. Mochizuki, and T. Awaji, 2007: A regional ocean-atmosphere model for eastern Pacific climate: Towards reducing tropical biases. J. Climate, 20, 1504–1522.
  • Yang, J., Q. Liu, S.-P. Xie, Z. Liu, and L. Wu, 2007: Impact of the Indian Ocean SST basin mode on the Asian summer monsoon. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L02708, doi: 10.1029/2006GL028571.
  • de Szoeke, S.P., Y. Wang, S.-P. Xie, and T. Miyama, 2006: The effect of shallow cumulus convection on the eastern Pacific climate in a coupled model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17713.
  • Kobashi, F., H. Mitsudera, and S.-P. Xie, 2006: Three subtropical fronts in the North Pacific: Observational evidence for mode water-induced subsurface frontogensis, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 111, C09033, doi: 10.1029/2006JC003479.
  • Nonaka, M., J.P. McCreary, and S.-P. Xie, 2006: Influence of midlatitude winds on the stratification of the equatorial thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36 (2), 222–237 DOI: 10.1175/JPO2845.1.
  • Okumura, Y., and S.-P. Xie, 2006: Some overlooked features of tropical Atlantic climate leading to a new Nino-like phenomenon. J. Climate, 19, 5859-5874.
  • Saji, N.H., S.-P. Xie, and C. -Y. Tam, 2006: Satellite observations of intense intraseasonal cooling events in the tropical south Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L14704, doi: 10.1029/2006GL026525.
  • Saji, N.H., S. -P. Xie, and T. Yamagata, 2006: Tropical Indian Ocean variability in the IPCC twentieth-century climate simulations. J. Climate, 19 (17), 4397–4417 DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3847.1.
  • Tokinaga, H., Y. Tanimoto, M. Nonaka, B. Taguchi, T. Fukamachi, S.-P. Xie, H. Nakamura, T. Watanabe, and I. Yasuda, 2006: Atmospheric sounding over the winter Kuroshio Extension: Effect of surface stability on atmospheric boundary layer structure. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04703, doi:10.1029/2005GL025102.
  • Xie, S.-P., H. Xu, N.H. Saji, Y. Wang, and W.T. Liu, 2006: Role of narrow mountains in large-scale organization of Asian monsoon convection. J. Climate, 19 (14) 3420–3429 DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3777.1.
  • Annamalai, H.,  P. Liu, and S.-P. Xie, 2005: Southwest Indian Ocean SST variability: Its local effect and remote influence on Asian Monsoons. J. Climate, 18, 4150–4167.
  • Annamalai, H., S.-P. Xie, J.P. McCreary, and R. Murtugudde, 2005: Impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature on developing El Niρo. J. Climate, 18, 302–319.
  • Liu, Q., S.-P. Xie, L. Li, and N.A. Maximenko, 2005: Ocean thermal advective effect on the annual range of sea surface temperature.Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L24604, doi:10.1029/2005GL024493.
  • Small, R.J., S.-P. Xie, and J. Hafner, 2005: Satellite observations of mesoscale ocean features and co-propagating atmospheric surface fields in the tropical belt. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 110, doi:10.1029/2004JC002598.
  • Small, R.J., S.-P. Xie, Y. Wang, S.K. Esbensen, and D. Vickers, 2005: Numerical simulation of boundary layer structure and cross-equatorial flow in the Eastern Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 62 (6), 1812–1830.
  • Taguchi, B., S.-P. Xie, H. Mitsudera, and A. Kubokawa, 2005: Response of the Kuroshio Extension to Rossby waves associated with the 1970s climate regime shift in a high-resolution ocean model. J. Climate, 18 (15), 2979–2995.
  • Tokinaga, H., Y. Tanimoto, and S.-P. Xie, 2005: SST-induced surface wind variations over the Brazil–Malvinas confluence: Satellite and in-situ observations. J. Climate, 18 (17), 3470–3482.
  • Wang, Y., S.-P. Xie, B. Wang, and H. Xu, 2005: Large-scale atmospheric forcing by Southeast Pacific boundary-layer clouds: A regional model study. J. Climate, 18, 934–951.
  • Xie, S.-P., H. Xu, W.S. Kessler, and M. Nonaka, 2005: Air-sea interaction over the eastern Pacific warm pool: Gap winds, thermocline dome, and atmospheric convection. J. Climate, 18, 5–25.
  • Xu, H., S.-P. Xie, and Y. Wang, 2005: Subseasonal variability of the Southeast Pacific stratus cloud deck. J. Climate, 18 (1), 131–142.
  • Xu, H., S.-P. Xie, Y. Wang, and J. Small, 2005: Effects of Central American mountains on the eastern Pacific winter ITCZ and moisture transport. J. Climate, 18 (18), 3856–3873.
  • Endoh, T.,  H. Mitsudera, S.-P. Xie, and B. Qiu, 2004: Thermohaline structure in the subarctic North Pacific simulated in a general circulation model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 360–371.
  • Fu, G., Y. Duan, X. Liang, and S.-P. Xie, 2004: Observations of a heavy rainfall event in Shanghai on 5 August 2001. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 82, 1793–1803.
  • Hosoda, S., S.-P. Xie, K. Takeuchi, and M. Nonaka, 2004: Interdecadal temperature variations in the North Pacific central mode water simulated by an OGCM. J. Oceanogr., 60, 865–877.
  • Liu, Q., X. Jiang, S.-P. Xie, and W.T. Liu, 2004: A gap in the Indo-Pacific warm pool over the South China Sea in boreal winter: Seasonal development and interannual variability. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 109, C07012, doi:10.1029/2003JC002179.
  • Okumura, Y., and S.-P. Xie, 2004: Interaction of the Atlantic equatorial cold tongue and African monsoon. J. Climate, 17, 3588–3601.
  • Vecchi, G.A., S.-P. Xie, and A.S. Fischer, 2004: Ocean-atmosphere covariability in the western Arabian Sea. J. Climate, 17 (6), 1213–1224.
  • Wang, C., S.-P. Xie, and J.A. Carton, 2004: A global survey of ocean-atmosphere interaction and climate variability. In Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, C. Wang, S.-P. Xie and J.A. Carton (eds.), AGU Geophysical Monograph Series, 147, 1–19.
  • Wang, Y., S.-P. Xie, H. Xu, and B. Wang, 2004: Regional model simulations of marine boundary-layer clouds over the Southeast Pacific off South America. Part I: Control experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132 (1), 274–296.
  • Wang, Y., H. Xu, and S.-P. Xie, 2004: Regional model simulations of marine boundary-layer clouds over the Southeast Pacific off South America. Part II: Sensitivity Experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132 (11), 2650–2668.
  • Xie, S.-P., 2004: Satellite observations of cool ocean-atmosphere interaction. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 195–208.
  • Xie, S.-P., 2004: The shape of continents, air-sea interaction, and the rising branch of the Hadley circulation. In The Hadley Circulation: Past, Present and Future, H. F. Diaz and R. S. Bradley (eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, NL, 121–152.
  • Xie, S.-P., and J.A. Carton, 2004: Tropical Atlantic variability: Patterns, mechanisms, and impacts. In Earth Climate: The Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction, C. Wang, S.-P. Xie and J.A. Carton (eds.), AGU Geophysical Monograph, 147, 121–142.
  • Xu, H., Y. Wang, and S.-P. Xie, 2004: Effects of the Andes on eastern Pacific climate: A regional atmospheric model study. J. Climate, 17 (3), 589–602.
  • Annamalai, H., R. Murtugudde, J. Potemra, S.-P. Xie, P. Liu, and B. Wang, 2003: Coupled dynamics over the Indian Ocean: Spring initiation of the zonal mode. Deep Sea Research II, 50, 2305–2330.
  • Cronin, M.F., S.-P. Xie, and H. Hashizume, 2003: Barometric pressure variations associated with eastern Pacific tropical instability waves. J. Climate, 16, 3050–3057.
  • Fujiwara, M., S.-P. Xie, M. Shiotani, H. Hashizume, F. Hasebe, H. Vφemel, S.J. Oltmans, and T. Watanabe, 2003: Upper-tropospheric inversion and easterly jet in the tropics. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,108 (D24), 4797, doi:10.1029/2003JD003928.
  • Hafner, J., and S.-P. Xie, 2003: Far-field simulation of the Hawaiian wake: Sea surface temperature and orographic effects. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 3021–3032.
  • Inatsu, M., H. Mukougawa, and S.-P. Xie, 2003: Atmospheric response to zonal variations in mid-latitude SST: Transient and stationary eddies and their feedback. J. Climate, 16, 3314–3329.
  • Nonaka, M., and S.-P. Xie, 2003: Co-variations of sea surface temperature and wind over the Kuroshio and its extension: Evidence for ocean-to-atmospheric feedback. J. Climate, 16, 1404–1413.
  • Okajima, H., S.-P. Xie, and A. Numaguti, 2003: Interhemispheric coherence of tropical climate variability: Effect of climatological ITCZ. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 81, 1371–1386.
  • Small, J.,  S.-P. Xie , and Y. Wang, 2003: Numerical Simulation of Atmospheric Response to Pacific Tropical Instability Waves. J. Climate, 16 (22), 3722–3740.
  • Wu, R., and S.-P. Xie, 2003: Equatorial Pacific surface wind changes around 1977: NCEP-NCAR reanalysis versus COADS observation. J. Climate, 16, 167–173.
  • Xie, S.-P., Q. Xie, D.X. Wang, and W.T. Liu, 2003: Summer upwelling in the South China Sea and its role in regional climate variations. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 108, 3261, doi: 2003JC001867.
  • Yu, Z., N. Maximenko, S.-P. Xie, and M. Nonaka, 2003: On the termination of the Hawaiian Lee Countercurrent. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (5), 1215, doi:10.1029/2002GL016710.
  • Hashizume, H., S.-P. Xie, M. Fujiwara, M. Shiotani, T. Watanabe, Y. Tanimoto, W.T. Liu, and K. Takeuchi, 2002: Direct observations of atmospheric boundary layer response to SST variations associated with tropical instability waves over the eastern equatorial Pacific. J. Climate, 15, 3379–3393
  • Inatsu, M., H. Mukougawa, and S.-P. Xie, 2002: Stationary eddy response to surface boundary forcing: Idealized GCM experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1898–1915.
  • Inatsu, M., H. Mukougawa, and S.-P. Xie, 2002: Tropical and extratropical SST effects on the midlatitude storm track. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1069–1076.
  • Kubokawa, A., and S.-P. Xie, 2002: Steady response of a ventilated thermocline to enhanced Ekman pumping. J. Oceanogr., 58, 565–575.
  • Tanimoto, Y., and S.-P. Xie, 2002: Inter-hemispheric decadal variations in SST, surface wind, heat flux and cloud cover over the Atlantic Ocean. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1199–1219.
  • Tomita, T., S.-P. Xie, and M. Nonaka, 2002: Estimates of surface and subsurface forcing for decadal sea surface temperature variability in the mid-latitude North Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan., 80, 1289–1300.
  • Nonaka, M., S.-P. Xie, and J.P. McCreary, 2002: Decadal variations in the Subtropical Cells and equatorial Pacific SST. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 (10.1029), 2001GL013676.
  • Qu, T., S.-P. Xie, H. Mitsudera, and A. Ishida, 2002: Subduction of the North Pacific mode waters in a global high-resolution GCM. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32 (3), 746–763.
  • Xie, S.-P., H. Annamalai, F.A. Schott, and J.P. McCreary, 2002: Structure and mechanisms of South Indian Ocean climate variability. J. Climate, 15, 864-–878.
  • Xie, S.-P., J. Hafner, Y. Tanimoto, W.T. Liu, H. Tokinaga, and H. Xu, 2002: Bathymetric effect on the winter sea surface temperature and climate of the Yellow and East China Seas. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 2228, doi:10.1029/2002GL015884.
  • Hashizume, H., S.-P. Xie, W.T. Liu, and K.Takeuchi, 2001: Local and remote atmospheric response to tropical instability waves: A global view from space. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 10,173–10,185.
  • Hosoda, S., S.-P. Xie, K. Takeuchi, and M. Nonaka, 2001: Eastern North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water in a GCM: Formation mechanism and salinity effects. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 106, 19,671–19,681.
  • Okumura, Y., S.-P. Xie, A. Numaguti, and Y. Tanimoto, 2001: Tropical Atlantic air-sea interaction and its influence on the NAO. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1507–1510.
  • Xie, S.-P., W.T. Liu, Q. Liu, and M. Nonaka, 2001: Far-reaching effects of the Hawaiian Islands on the Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere. Science, 292, 2057–2060.
  • Xie, S.-P., and K. Saito, 2001: Formation and variability of a northerly ITCZ in a hybrid coupled AGCM: Continental forcing and ocean-atmospheric feedback. J. Climate, 14, 1262–1276.
  • Inatsu, M., H. Mukougawa, and S.-P. Xie, 2000: Formation of subtropical westerly jet in GCMs without mountains. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 529-532.
  • Liu, T.W., X. Xie, P. Polito, S.-P. Xie, and H. Hashizume, 2000: Atmospheric manifestations of tropical instability waves observed by QuikSCAT and Tropical Rain Measuring Mission. Geophys. Res., Lett., 27, 2545–2548.
  • Nonaka, M., and S.-P. Xie, 2000: Propagation of North Pacific interdecadal subsurface temperature anomalies in an ocean GCM. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3747–3750.
  • Nonaka, M., S.-P. Xie, and K. Takeuchi, 2000: Equatorward spreading of a passive tracer with application to North Pacific interdecadal temperature variations. J. Oceanogr., 56, 173–183.
  • Tanimoto, Y., and S.-P. Xie, 1999: Ocean-atmospheric variability over the pan-Atlantic basin. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 31–46.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1999: A dynamic ocean-atmosphere model of the tropical Atlantic decadal variability. J. Climate, 12, 64–70.
  • Xie, S.-P., H. Noguchi, and S. Matsumura, 1999: A hemispheric-scale quasi-decadal oscillation and its signature in northern Japan. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 573–582.
  • Xie, S.-P., T. Kunitani, A. Kubokawa, M. Nonaka, and S. Hosoda, 2000: Interdecadal thermocline variability in the North Pacific for 1958-1997: A GCM simulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2798–2813.
  • Xie, S.-P., and N. Saiki, 1999: Abrupt onset and slow seasonal evolution of summer monsoon in an idealized GCM simulation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 949–968.
  • Xie, S.-P., Y. Tanimoto, H. Noguchi, and T. Matsuno, 1999: How and why climate variability differs between the tropical Pacific and Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1609–1612.
  • Xie, S.-P., M. Ishiwatari, H. Hashizume, and K. Takeuchi, 1998: Coupled ocean-atmospheric waves on the equatorial front. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3863–3866.
  • Xie, S.-P., and Y. Tanimoto, 1998: A pan-Atlantic decadal climate oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2185–2188.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1998: Ocean-atmosphere interaction in the making of the Walker circulation and the equatorial cold tongue, J. Climate, 11, 189–201.
  • Xie, S.-P., and M. Seki, 1997: Causes of equatorial asymmetry in sea surface temperature over the eastern Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 2581–2584.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1997: Stability of equatorially symmtetric and asymmetric climates under annual solar forcing. Q.J.R. Meteor. Soc., 123, 1359–1375.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1997: Ocean-atmosphere interaction in the formation of equatorial asymmtery of the tropical climate: Yamamoto-Shyono Medal Lecture. Tenki (Bull. Meteor. Soc. Japan), 44, 389–398 (in Japanese).
  • Xie, S.-P., 1997: Unstable transition of the tropical climate to an equatorially asymmetric state in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 667–679.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1996: Effects of seasonal solar forcing on latitudinal asymmetry of the ITCZ. J. Climate, 9, 2945–2950.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1996: Westward propagation of latitudinal asymmetry in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3236–3250.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1995: Interaction between the annual and interannual variations in the equatorial Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 1930–1941.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1994: On the genesis of the equatorial annual cycle. J. Climate, 7, 2008–2013.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1994: The maintenance of an equatorially asymmetric state in a hybrid coupled GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2602–2612.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1994: Oceanic response to the wind forcing associated with an ITCZ in the northern hemisphere. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 99, 20393–20402.
  • Xie, S.-P., 1994: On preferred zonal scale of wave-CISK with conditional heating. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 72, 19–30.
  • Xie, S.-P., and S.G.H. Philander, 1994: A coupled ocean-atmosphere model of relevance to the ITCZ in the eastern Pacific. Tellus, 46A, 340–350.
  • Liu, Z., and S.-P. Xie, 1994: Equatorward propagation of coupled air-sea disturbances with application to the annual cycle of the eastern tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3807–3822.
  • Xie, S.-P., A. Kubokawa, and K. Hanawa, 1993: Evaporation-wind feedback and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part I: Quasi-linear instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3873–3883.
  • Xie, S.-P., A. Kubokawa, and K. Hanawa, 1993: Evaporation-wind feedback and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part II: Nonlinear evolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3884–3893.
  • Xie, S.-P., and A. Kubokawa, 1990: On the wave-CISK in the presence of a frictional boundary layer. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 68, 651–657.
  • Xie, S.-P., A. Kubokawa, and K. Hanawa, 1989: Oscillations with two feedback processes in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 2, 946–964.