2024 – Ph.D. (Physical Oceanography) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering
Dissertation: Investigating the Atmospheric and Oceanic Drivers of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and Predictability
2017 – B.A. (Environmental Studies, Earth Science Concentration) Macaulay Honors College at Hunter College, the City University of New York (CUNY)
Research Interests
Climate variability and change
Large scale ocean-atmosphere dynamics
Air-sea interaction
Re-emergence and mixed-layer dynamics
Explainable machine learning
Decadal to multi-decadal prediction
Scientific Work Experience
Postdoctoral Researcher, International Pacific Research Center (IPRC), University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa (2025 – Present)
Postdoctoral Investigator, Department of Physical Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (2025)
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellow/Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Physical Oceanography, MIT-WHOI Joint Program (2019-2024)
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Specialist/Geologist, Scientists-in-the-Parks Program, Northeast Coastal Barrier Network, US National Park Service (2018-2019)
Adjunct Lecturer, Department of Geography, City University of New York Hunter College (2017)
Honors & Awards
2025 - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate & Global Change Fellowship (top 4 finalist, no awards granted due to changes in federal funding)
2021 – Best Paper Award: Pathways to Impact; Tackling Climate Change with AI Workshop, Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)
2021 – National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG)
Refereed Publications
Liu, G., Kwon, Y.O. and Frankignoul, C., 2025. Investigation of the drivers of sea surface salinity and North Atlantic climate variability using a stochastic model. Journal of Climate, 38 (19), 5411-5430, url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-24-0694.1
Liu, G.; Wang, P.; Kwon Y., 2023. “Physical Insights from the Multidecadal Prediction of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Variability Using Explainable Neural Networks”. Geophysical Research Letters, 50 (24), p.e2023GL106278. url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106278.
Liu, G.; Kwon, Y.-O.; Frankignoul, C.; and Lu, J., 2023. “Understanding the Drivers of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability using a Stochastic Model Hierarchy”. Journal of Climate, 36 (4), 1043-1058. url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0309.1 .
Liu, G.; Wang, P.; Beveridge M.; Kwon, Y.; Drori, I., 2021. “Predicting Atlantic Multidecadal Variability”. Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning Workshop at NeurIPS 2021 (CCAI), Paper #35. url: https://www.climatechange.ai/papers/neurips2021/35
Psuty, N.P.; Ames, K.; Liu, G.; Habeck, A., 2020. “Interactive Geomorphological Resilience of Sediment Pathways and Coastal Features, Post-Hurricane Sandy, Fort Tilden, New York”. Journal of Coastal Research36(4), 694-708. url: https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-19-00126.1
Psuty, N. P.; Ames, K.; Habeck, A.; Liu, G. 2019. "Sediment Budget and Geomorphological Evolution of the Estuarine Dune-Beach System on Three Nourished Beaches, Delaware Bay, New Jersey." Geosciences, 9 no. 1: 16. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9010016