Tim Li Professor of Meteorology
	International Pacific Research Center and Department of Meteorology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Phone: (808) 956-9427; Fax: (808) 956-9425 Email: timli@hawaii.edu

Education

• 1993 - Ph.D. (Meteorology), University of Hawaii, Manoa
• 1986 - M.S. (Meteorology), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China
• 1983 - B.S. (Meteorology), Beijing University, China

Research Interests

• Climate dynamics and coupled atmosphere-ocean modeling
• Dynamics of ITCZ asymmetry and equatorial annual cycles
• ENSO dynamics and the Asian-Australian monsoon system
• Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode
• Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation

Scientific Work Experience

• Professor of Meteorology, University of Hawaii, 2004 - present
• Associate Professor of Meteorology, University of Hawaii, March 1999 - 2004
• Research Assistant and Associate Professor, Naval Postgraduate School, 1997 - 1999
• Research Scientist, Naval Research Laboratory, 1995 - 1997
• Visiting Scientist, GFDL, Princeton University, 1993 - 1995

Selected Publications

• Ray, P. and T. Li, 2012: Relative roles of circumnavigating waves and extratropics on the MJO and its relationship with the mean state. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
• Liu, P., T. Li, B. Wang, M. Zhang, J.-J. Luo, Y. Masumoto, X. Wang, and E. Roekner, 2012: MJO change with A1B global warming estimated by the 40-km ECHAM5. Climate Dynamics, CLIDY-D-12-00208R1, in press.
• Li, K., W. Yu, T. Li, V. S. N. Murty, S. Khokiattiwong, T. R. Adi, and S. Budi, 2012: Structures and mechanisms of the first-branch northward-propagating intraseasonal oscillation over the tropical Indian Ocean, Clim. Dyn., in press.
• Li, Z., W. Yu, T. Li, V. S. N. Murty, and F. Tangang, 2012: Bimodal character of cyclone climatology in Bay of Bengal modulated by monsoon seasonal cycle, J. Climate, in press.
• Gao, J., and T. Li, 2012: Interannual variation of multiple tropical cyclone events in the western north Pacific, Advances Atmos. Sci., Vol 29 (6) 1279-1291.
• Wang, L., T. Li, and T. Zhou, X. Rong, 2012: Origin of the Intraseasonal Variability over the North Pacific in Boreal Summer, Journal of Climate, in press.
• Zhao, C.-B., T. Li, and T. Zhou, 2012: Precursor signals and processes associated with MJO initiation over the tropical Indian Ocean. J. Climate, in press.
• Chung, P.-H., and T. Li, 2012: Interdecadal relationship between the mean state and El Nino types. J. Climate, in press.
• Ge, X., T. Li, and M. Peng, 2012: Tropical cyclone genesis efficiency: mid-level versus bottom vortex. J. Tropical Meteorology, in press.
• Hsu, P.-C., and T. Li, 2012: Is "rich-get-richer" valid for Indian Ocean and Atlantic ITCZ?" Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L13705, doi:10.1029/2012GL052399.
• Xiang, B., B. Wang, and T. Li, 2012: A new paradigm for the predominance of standing Central Pacific Warming after the late 1990s. Climate Dynamics, in press.
• Li, T., X. Ge, M. Peng, and W. Wang, 2012: Dependence of tropical cyclone intensification on the Coriolis parameter. Tropical Cyclone Research and Review, 1 (2), 242-253, doi:10.6057/2012TCRR02.04.
• Hsu, P.-C., T. Li, J.-J. Luo, H. Murakami, A. Kitoh, and M. Zhao, 2012: Increase of global monsoon area and precipitation under global warming: A robust signal? Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L06701, doi:10.1029/2012GL051037.
• Ray, P., C. Zhang, J. Dudhia, T. Li, and M. W. Moncrieff, 2012: Tropical channel model, In L. M. Druyan (Ed.) Climate Models, InTech Publisher, ISBN: 978-953-308-181-6, pp. 350.
• Hsu, P.-C., and T. Li, 2012: Role of the boundary layer moisture asymmetry in causing the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J. Climate, 25 (14), 4914-4931. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00310.1.
• Hsu, P.-C., T. Li, Y.-C. Lin, M.-M. Lu, and J.-Y. Lee, 2012: A spatial-temporal projection method for seasonal prediction of spring rainfall in northern Taiwan. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Vol. 90, No. 2, 179-190, doi:10.2151/jmsj.2012-202.
• Zhang, S.-J., T. Li, X. Ge, M. Peng and N. Pan, 2012: A 3DVAR-based Dynamical Initialization Scheme for Tropical Cyclone Predictions. Wea. Forecasting, 27， 473-483.
• Peng, M., B. Fu, T. Li, and D. Stevens, 2012: Developing versus non-developing disturbances for tropical cyclone formation, Part I: North Atlantic. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 140, No. 4, 1047-1066.
• Fu, B., M. Peng, T. Li, and D. Stevens, 2012: Developing versus non-developing disturbances for tropical cyclone formation, Part II: Western North Pacific. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 140, No. 4, 1067-1080.
• Li, T. 2012: Synoptic and climatic aspects of tropical cyclogenesis in Western North Pacific. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Eds. K. Oouchi and H. Fudeyasu,
  Chap.3, pp.61-94. in press.
• Wang, L., T. Li, and T. Zhou, 2012: Intraseasonal SST Variability and Air-Sea Interaction over Kuroshio Extension Region during Boreal Summer. J. Climate, 25, 1619-1634.
• Wu, B., T. Zhou, and T. Li, 2012: Two distinct modes of tropical Indian Ocean precipitation in boreal winter and their impacts on equatorial western Pacific. J. Climate, 25, 921-938.
• Chambers, C.R.S., and T. Li, 2011: The Effect of Hawaii's Big Island on Track and Structure of Tropical Cyclones Passing to the South and West. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 3609–3627.
• Hong, C.-C. Y.-H. Li, T. Li , and M.-Y. Lee, 2011: Impacts of Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific El Niños on tropical cyclone tracks over the western North Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L16712, doi:10.1029/2011GL048821.
• Hendricks, Eric A., Melinda S. Peng, Xuyang Ge, Tim Li, 2011: Performance of a Dynamic Initialization Scheme in the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System for Tropical Cyclones (COAMPS-TC). Wea. Forecasting, 26, 650–663.
• Chung, P., C. Sui, and T. Li (2011), Interannual relationships between the tropical sea surface temperature and summertime subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D13111, doi:10.1029/2010JD015554.
• Liu, L., W. Yu, and T. Li, 2011: Dynamic and Thermodynamic Air-Sea Coupling Associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole diagnosed from 23 WCRP CMIP3 Models. J. Climate, 24, 4941-4958.
• Hsu, P.-C., T. Li, and B. Wang, 2011: Trends in Global Monsoon Area and Precipitation over the Past 30 Years. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L08701, doi:10.1029/2011GL046893
• Rong, X., R. Zhang, T. Li, and J. Su, 2011: Upscale feedback of high-frequency winds to ENSO. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 894-907.
• Xiang, B., W. Yu, T. Li, and B. Wang, 2011: The critical role of the boreal summer mean state in the development of the IOD. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02710, doi:10.1029/2010GL045851.
• Zhou, X., B. Wang, X. Ge, and T. Li, 2011: Impact of secondary eyewall heating on tropical cyclone intensity change during eyewall replacement. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 450–456, doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3624.1.
• Lin, A.-L., T. Li, X. Fu, J.-J. Luo, and Y. Masumoto, 2011: Effects of air-sea coupling on the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations over the tropical Indian Ocean, Clim. Dyn., 37, 2303-2322.
• Gao, J.-Y., and T. Li, 2011: Factors controlling multiple tropical cyclone events in the western North Pacific. Mon.Wea.Rev., 139, 885-894.
• Hsu, P.C., T. Li, and C.-H. Tsou, 2011: Interactions between boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations and synoptic-scale disturbances over the western North Pacific. Part I: Energetics diagnosis. J. Climate, 24, 927-941.
• Hsu, P.C., and T. Li, 2011: Interactions between boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations and synoptic-scale disturbances over the western North Pacific. Part II: Apparent heat and moisture sources and eddy momentum transport. J. Climate, 24, 942-961.
• Li, T., M. Kwon, M. Zhao, J. Kug, J. Luo, and W. Yu (2010), Global warming shifts Pacific tropical cyclone location, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L21804, doi:10.1029/2010GL045124.
• Lin, A.-L., T. Li, and C. Li, 2010: Climatology and Interannual Variability of Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation Spectrum over the Tropics: Comparison of Wind and OLR Fields. Chinese Journal of Applied Meteorology, in press.
• Zhou, C. and T. Li, 2010: Upscale feedback of tropical synoptic variability to intraseasonal oscillations through the nonlinear rectification of the surface latent heat flux. J. Climate, 23, 5738-5754.
• Hong, C.-C., and T. Li, 2010: The independence of SST skewness to thermocline feedback in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L11702, doi:10.1029/2010GL043380.
• Feng, L., T. Zhou, B. Wu, T. Li, and J.-J. Luo, 2011: Projection of future precipitation changes over China with a high-resolution global atmospheric model. Adv. Atmos. Sci., Vol 28(2), 464-476.
• Chen, J.-M., T. Li, and C.-F. Shih, 2010: Tropical Cyclone and Monsoon Induced Rainfall Variability in Taiwan. J. Climate, 23, 4107-4120.
• Zhu, W., T. Li, X. Fu, and J.-J. Luo, 2010: Influence of the Maritime Continent on the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 88, 395-407.
• Gu, D., T. Li, Z. Ji, and B. Zheng, 2010: On the Western North Pacific Monsoon, Indian Monsoon and Australian Monsoon Phase Relations. J. Climate, 23, 5572-5589.
• Hong, C.-C., T. Li, H. Lin, and Y.-C. Chen, 2010: Asymmetry of the Indian Ocean Basin-wide SST Anomalies: Roles of ENSO and IOD. J. Climate, 23, 3563–3576. doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3320.1.
• Hendricks, E.A., M. S. Peng, B. Fu, and T. Li, 2010: Quantifying environmental control on tropical cyclone intensity change. Mon.Wea.Rev., 138, 3243-3271.
• Wu, B., T. Li, and T. Zhou, 2010: Relative contributions of the Indian Ocean and local SST anomalies to the maintenance of the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone during El Niño decaying summer. J. Climate, 23, 2974-2986.
• Wu, B., T. Li, and T. Zhou, 2010: Asymmetry of atmospheric circulation anomalies over the western North Pacific between El Niño and La Niña. J. Climate, 23, 4807-4822.
• Lin, A., T. Li, C. Li, et al., 2010: Relationships between the interannual anomaly of sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean and tropical boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations: Observations and simulations. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, in press.
• Kug, J.-S., K.P. Sooraj, T. Li, F.-F. Jin, and I.-S. Kang, 2010: Precursors of the El Niño/La Niña onset and their inter-relationship. J.Geophy.Res., 115, D05106, doi:10.1029/2009JD012861.
• Rong, X., R. Zhang, and T. Li, 2010: Impacts of Atlantic SST anomalies on the Indo-East Asian summer monsoon-ENSO relationship. English_pdf. Chinese_pdf. Chin. Sci. Bull., 55, 1397-1408.
• Ge, X., T. Li, S. Zhang, and M. Peng, 2010: What causes the extremely heavy rainfall in Taiwan during Typhoon Morakot (2009)? Atmospheric Science Letters, 11(1), 46-50.
• Gu, D., T. Li, Z. Ji, and B. Zheng, 2010: Connection of the South China Sea summer monsoon to Maritime Continent convection and ENSO, Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 16, 1-9. 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8775.2010.01.001.
• Li, T., 2010: Monsoon climate variabilities. in Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?”,Geophys. Monogr. Ser., Editor: D.-Z. Sun & B. Frank, doi:10.1029/2008GM000782.
• Wen, M., T. Li, R. Zhang, and Y. Qi, 2010: Structure and origin of the quasi-biweekly oscillation over the tropical Indian Ocean in boreal spring. J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 67, No. 6, 1965-1982.
• Ge, X., T. Li, and M. Peng, 2010: Cyclogenesis simulation of Typhoon Prapiroon (2000) associated with Rossby wave energy dispersion. Mon.Wea.Rev., 138, 42-54.
• Li, C., T. Li, J. Liang, D. Gu, A. Lin, and B. Zheng, 2010: Interdecadal variations of meridional winds in the South China Sea and their relationship with summer climate in China. Journal of Climate, 23, 825-841.
• Su, J., R. Zhang, T. Li, X. Rong, J. Kug, and C.-C. Hong, 2010: Amplitude asymmetry of El Nino and La Nina in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Journal of Climate, 23(3), 605–617.
• Zhang, Y.-S., and T. Li, 2009: Satellite-observed 3-D moisture structure and air-sea interactions during summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea. Advances in Geosciences, Vol. 10, 27-39. (ISBN:   978-981-283-612-0).
• Liu, P., M. Satoh, B. Wang, H. Fudeyasu, T. Nasuno, T. Li, H. Miura, H. Taniguchi, H. Masunaga, X. Fu, and H. Annamalai, 2009: An MJO Simulated by the NICAM at 14-km and 7-km Resolutions. Mon.Wea.Rev., 137, 3254-3268.
• Wu, B., T. Zhou, and T. Li, 2009: Contrast of rainfall-SST relationships in the western North Pacific between the ENSO developing and decaying summers. J. Climate, 22, 4398-4405.
• Wu, B., T. Zhou, and T. Li, 2009: Asian-Australian monsoon interannual variability and ENSO simulated by a coupled GCM FGOALS_s. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 33, 285-299.
• Guilyardi, E., P. Braconnot, F.-F. Jin, S. T. Kim, M. Kolasinski, T. Li, and I. Musat, 2009: Atmosphere feedbacks during ENSO in a coupled GCM with a modified atmospheric convection scheme. J. Climate, 22, 5698-5718.
• Lin, A., T. Li, X. Fu, and J. Luo, 2009: Impact of air-sea interactions over the Indian Ocean on the climatological state of tropical atmospheric circulation in boreal summer. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 33, 1123-1136.
• Peng , J., T. Li, M. Peng, and X. Ge, 2009: Barotropic instability in the tropical cyclone outer region. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 851-864.
• Li, T., and C. Zhou, 2009: Planetary Scale Selection of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J.Atmos.Sci., 66, 2429-2443.
• Peng, J., T. Li, and M. Peng, 2009: Formation of tropical cyclone concentric eyewalls by wave-mean flow interactions. Advances in Geosciences, Vol. 10, in press.
• Liu, P. , Y. Kajikawa, B. Wang, A. Kitoh, T. Yasunari, T. Li, H. Annamalai, X. Fu, K. Kikuchi, R. Mizuta, K. Rajendran, D. E. Waliser, and D. Kim, 2009: Tropical Intraseasonal Variability in the MRI-20km60L AGCM. J. Climate, 2006-2022.
• Hong, C.-C. and T. Li, 2009: The Extreme Cold Anomaly over Southeast Asia in February 2008: Roles of ISO and ENSO, J. Climate, IPRC-580, 22, 3786-3801.
• Wu, B., T. Zhou, and T. Li, 2009: Seasonally evolving dominant interannual variability mode over the East Asia. J. Climate, 2992-3006.
• Su, J., R. Zhang, T. Li, and X. Rong, 2009: Skewness of the subsurface ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific based on assimilated data. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, in press.
• Qi, Y., R. Zhang, T. Li, M. Wen, 2009: Impacts of intraseasonal oscillation on the onset and interannual variation of the Indian summer monsoon . Chin. Sci. Bull., 54, 880-884.
• Sooraj, J.-S. Kug, T. Li, I.-S. Kang, 2008: Impact of El Nino onset timing on the Indian Ocean - Pacific coupling and subsequent El Nino evolution. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, DOI 10.1007/s00704-008-0067-8.
• Li, T., F. Tam, X. Fu, T. Zhou, and W. Zhu, 2008: Causes of the Intraseasonal SST Variability in the Tropical Indian Ocean, Atmosphere-Ocean Science Letters, 1, 18-23.
• Lin, A., and T. Li, 2008: Energy spectrum characteristics of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations: climatology and variations during the ENSO developing and decaying phases. J. Climate, 21, 6304-6320.
• Qi, Y., R. Zhang, T. Li, and M. Wen (2008), Interactions between the summer mean monsoon and the intraseasonal oscillation in the Indian monsoon region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L17704, doi:10.1029/2008GL034517.
• Hong, C.-C., T. Li, LinHo, J.-S. Kug, 2008: Asymmetry of the Indian Ocean Dipole. Part I: Observational Analysis. J. Climate, 21, 4834–4848.
• Hong, C.-C., T. Li, J.-J. Luo, 2008: Asymmetry of the Indian Ocean Dipole. Part II: Model diagnosis. J. Climate, 21, 4849-4858.
• Chen, J.-M., T. Li, and J. Shih, 2008: Asymmetry of the El Niño-spring rainfall relationship in Taiwan. J.M.S. Japan, 86, 297-312.
• Zhang, Y.-S., and T. Li, 2008: Influence of the Sea Surface Temperature in the Indian Ocean on the In-phase Transition between the South Asian and North Australian Summer Monsoons. TAO, 19, 321-329.
• Peng, J. Y., M. S. Peng and T. Li, 2008: Dependence of vortex axisymmetrization on the characteristics of the asymmetry. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134, 1253-1268.
• Ge, X., T. Li, Y. Wang, and M. Peng, 2008: Tropical Cyclone Energy Dispersion in a Three-Dimensional Primitive Equation Model: Upper Tropospheric Influence. J. Atmos.Sci., 65 (7), 2272–2289.
• Pan L. and T. Li, 2008: Interactions between the tropical ISO and low-frequency flow . Clim. Dyn., DOI: 10.1007/s00382-007-0272-7
• Zhang X., T. Li, F. Weng, C.-C. Wu, and L. Xu, 2007: Reanalysis of western Pacific typhoons in 2004 with multi-satellite observations. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 97, 3–18.
• Ge, X., T. Li, and X. Zhou, 2007: Tropical cyclone energy dispersion under vertical shears. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L23807, doi:10.1029/2007GL031867

• Chen, W., and T. Li, 2007: Modulation of northern hemisphere wintertime stationary planetary wave activity - East Asia climate relationships by the quasi-biennial oscillation . JGR-Atmosphere, 112, D20120, doi:10.1029/2007JD008611.

• Zhang, X, T. Li, et al., 2007: Reanalysis of western Pacific typhoons in 2004 with multi-satellite observations, Meteor. Atmosp. Phys., Vol. 97 (special issue on tropical cyclones), 3-18.

• Chambers, C., and T. Li, 2007: Simulation of formation of a near-equatorial Typhoon Vamei (2001), Meteor. Atmosp. Phys. , DOI:10.1007/s00703-006-0229-0.

• Sui, C.-H., P.-H. Chung, and T. Li, 2007: Interannual and interdecadal variability of the summertime western north Pacific subtropical high. GRL, 34, L11701, doi:10.1029/2006GL029204.

• Fu, B., T. Li, M. Peng, and F. Weng, 2007: Analysis of tropical cyclone genesis in the western North Pacific for 2000 and 2001. Weather Forecasting, 22, 763-780.

• Chen, J.-M., T. Li, and J. Shih, 2007: Fall persistence barrier of sea surface temperature in the South China Sea associated with ENSO. J. Climate, 158-172.

• Li, T., and B. Fu, 2006: Tropical cyclogenesis associated with Rossby wave energy dispersion of a pre-existing typhoon. Part I: Satellite data analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1377-1389.

• Li, T., X. Ge, B. Wang, and Y. Zhu, 2006: Tropical cyclogenesis associated with Rossby wave energy dispersion of a pre-existing typhoon. Part II: Numerical simulations. J. Atmos .Sci., 63, 1390-1409.

• Kug, J.-S., T. Li, S.-I. An, I.-S. Kang, J.-J. Luo, S. Masson, and T. Yamagata, 2006: Role of the ENSO-Indian Ocean Coupling on ENSO variability in a coupled GCM. GRL, Vol. 33, L09710, doi:10.1029/2005GL024916.

• Li, T., 2006: Origin of the summertime synoptic-scale wave train in the western North Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1093-1102.

• Li, T., P. Liu, X. Fu, B. Wang, and G. A. Meehl, 2006: Tempo-Spatial Structures and Mechanisms of the Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation in the Indo-Pacific Warm Ocean Regions. J. Climate, 19, 3070-3087.

• Tam, C.-Y. and T. Li, 2006: The origin and dispersion characteristics of the observed summertime synoptic-scale waves over the western Pacific. Mon.Wea.Rev., 134, 1630-1646.

• Peng, M., S., B. Fu, T. F. Hogan, and T. Li, 2006: On Africa easterly waves that impacted two tropical cyclones in 2004. GRL, VOL. 33, L11807, doi:10.1029/2006GL026038.

• Li, T., Y.-C. Tung, and J.-W. Hwu, 2005: Remote and local SST forcing in shaping Asian-Australian monsoon anomalies. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 83, 153-167.

• Li, T., and B. Wang, 2005: RA review on the western North Pacific monsoon: synoptic-to-interannual variabilities. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 16, 285-314.

• Jiang, X. and T. Li, 2005: Re-initiation of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the tropical Indian Ocean. J. Climate, 18, 3777-3795.

• Liu, P., B. Wang, K. R. Sperber, T. Li, and G. A. Meehl, 2005: MJO in the NCAR CAM2 with the Tiedtke Convective Scheme. J. Climate, 18, 3007-3020.

• Wang, B. and T. Li, 2004: East Asian monsoon and ENSO interaction, East Asian Monsoon, World Scientific Publishing Company, Book Chapter, 177-212.

• Zhang, Y., T. Li, and B. Wang, 2004: Decadal change of the spring snow depth over the Tibetan Plateau: The associated circulation and influence on the East Asian summer monsoon. J. Climate, 17, 2780-2793.

• Chang, C.-P., Z. Wang, J. Ju, and T. Li, 2004: On the relationship between western maritime continent monsoon rainfall and ENSO during northern winter. J. Climate, 17, 665-672.

• Jiang, X., T. Li, and B. Wang, 2004: Structures and mechanisms of the northward propagating boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation. J. Climate, 17, 1022-1039.

• Fu, X., B. Wang, T. Li, and J.P. McCreary, 2003: Coupling between northward propagating, intraseasonal oscillations and sea-surface temperature in the Indian Ocean. J. Atmos. Sci., 15, 1733-1753.

• Li, T., B. Wang, C.-P. Chang, and Y. Zhang, 2003: A theory for the Indian Ocean dipole-zonal mode. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2119-2135.

• Wang, B., R. Wu, and T. Li, 2003: Atmosphere-warm ocean interaction and its impact on Asian-Australian Monsoon variability. J. Climate, 16, 1195–1211

• Davey M., M. Huddleston, K.R. Sperber, P. Braconnot, F. Bryan, D. Chen, R.A. Colman, C. Cooper, U. Cubasch, P. Delecluse, D. DeWitt, L. Fairhead, G. Flato, C. Gordon, T. Hogan, M. Ji, M. Kimoto, A. Kitoh, T.R. Knutson, M. Latif, H. Le Treut, T. Li, S. Manabe, C.R. Mechoso, G.A. Meehl, J. Oberhuber, S.B. Power, E. Roeckner, L. Terray, A. Vintzileos, R. Voss, B. Wang, W.M. Washington, I. Yoshikawa, J.-Y. Yu, S. Yukimoto, and S.E. Zebiak, 2002: A study of coupled model climatology and variability in tropical ocean regions. Climate Dynamics, 18, 403-420.

• Fu, X., B. Wang, and T. Li, 2002: Impacts of air-sea coupling on the simulation of the mean Asian summer monsoon in the ECHAM-4 model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130 (12), 2889-2904.

• Li, T., and Y. Zhang, 2002: Processes that determine the quasi-biennial and lower-frequency variability of the South Asian monsoon. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1149-1163.

• Li, T., Y. Zhang, E. Lu, and D.Wang, 2002: Relative role of dynamic and thermodynamic processes in the development of the Indian Ocean dipole: An OGCM diagnosis. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 (23), 2110, doi:10.1029/2002GL05789.

• Zhang, Y., T. Li, B. Wang, and G. Wu, 2002: Onset of the Summer Monsoon over the Indochina Peninsula: Climatology and Interannual Variations. J. Climate, 15, 3206-3221.

• Chang, C.P., and T. Li, 2001: Nonlinear interactions between the TBO and ENSO. East Asian and Western Pacific Meteorology and Climate, Eds.: C.P. Chang et al., Vol. 1, Book Series on East Asian Meteorology, World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 25-38.

• Li, T., C.-W. Tham, and C.-P. Chang, 2001: A coupled air-sea-monsoon oscillator for the tropospheric biennial oscillation. J. Climate, 14, 752-764.

• Li, T., B. Wang, and C.-P. Chang, 2001: Theories on the tropospheric biennial oscillation: A review. Dynamics of Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations and Climate, Eds.: Wang and Huang, China Meteorological Press, Beijing, China, 252-276.

• Li, T., Y.S. Zhang, C.P. Chang, and B. Wang, 2001: On the relationship between Indian Ocean SST and Asian summer monsoon. Geophy. Res. Lett., 28, 2843-2846.

• Chang, C.P., Y. Zhang, and T. Li, 2000: Interannual and interdecadal variations of the East Asian summer monsoon and tropical Pacific SSTs: Part I: Role of subtropic ridges. J. Climate, 13, 4310-4325.

• Chang, C.P., Y.S. Zhang, and T. Li, 2000: Interannual and interdecadal variations of the East Asian summer monsoon and tropical Pacific SSTs: Part II: Meridional structure of the monsoon. J. Climate, 13, 4326-4340.

• Chang, C.-P., and T. Li, 2000: A theory of the tropical tropospheric biennial oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 2209-2224.

• Li, T., T.F. Hogan, and C.-P. Chang, 2000: Dynamic and thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3353-3365.

• Li, T., and T.F. Hogan, 1999: The role of the annual mean climate on seasonal and interannual variability of the tropical Pacific in a coupled GCM. J. Climate, 12, 780-792.

• Li, T., 1997: Air-sea interactions of relevance to the ITCZ: the analysis of coupled instabilities and experiments in a hybrid coupled GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 134-147.

• Li, T., 1997: Phase transition of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation: A stationary SST mode. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2872-2887.

• Li, T., and S.G.H. Philander, 1997: On the seasonal cycle of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate, 10, 813-817.

• Li, T., and S.G.H. Philander, 1996: On the annual cycle of the equatorial eastern Pacific. J. Climate, 9, 2986-2998.

• Li, T., and B. Wang, 1996: On the seasonal sea surface temperature variation in the tropical Pacific. Theoret. Appl. Climatology, 55, 113-120.

• Philander, S.G.H., D. Gu, D. Halpern, G. Lambert, N.-C. Lau, T. Li, and R. Pacanowski, 1996: Why the ITCZ is mostly north of the equator. J. Climate, 9, 2958-2972.

• Philander, S.G.H., T. Li, and G. Lambert, 1996: Climatic asymmetries relative to the equator. Numerican Simulations in the Environmental and Earth Sciences. Ed.: Garcia Garcia, Cambridge University Press, 126-132.

• Chang, P., L. Ji, B. Wang, and T. Li, 1995: Interactions between the seasonal cycle and El Niño-Southern Oscillation in an intermediate coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2353-2372.

• Wang, B., T. Li, and P. Chang, 1995: An intermediate model of the tropical Pacific ocean. J. Phys. Oceanog., 25, 1599-1616.

• Chang, P., B. Wang, T. Li, and L. Ji, 1994: Interactions between the seasonal cycle and the southern oscillation: frequency entrainment and chaos in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2817-2820.

• Li, T., and B. Wang, 1994: A thermodynamic equilibrium climate model for monthly mean surface winds and precipitation over the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1372-1385.

• Li, T., and B. Wang, 1994: The influence of sea surface temperature on the tropical intraseasonal oscillation: a numerical study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2349-2362.

• Wang, B., and T. Li, 1994: Convective interaction with boundary-layer dynamics in the development of a tropical intraseasonal system. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1386-1400.

• Wang, B., and T. Li, 1993: A simple tropical atmosphere model of relevance to short-term climate variations. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 260-284.

• Li, T., and Y. Zhu, 1991: Analysis and modeling of tropical cyclone motion: I: asymmetric structure and sudden change of tracks. Science in China (Series B), 34, 222-233.

• Li, T., and Y. Zhu, 1991: Numerical experiment of effects of environmental flows on tropical cyclone motion. Act. Meteor. Sinica, 5, 111-117.

• Li, T., and Y. Zhu, 1989: On the multiple equilibrium of development of tropical cyclones in a nonlinear CISK model. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 6, 447-45.

• Li, T., and Y. Zhu, 1988: On the dynamics of development of tropical disturbances: Optimum scales. Select Papers in Atmospheric Sciences, Ed: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Beijing, China, 43-51.